9 Main Groups QC, PC, It, Gm, Gr, Ba, Sl, Ir, Ind


I ?
root
ai-dh-, i-dh-, nas. i-n-dh-
bedeutet / means
`brennen, leuchten'

α
Ai. inddhḗ `entzündet, entflammt' (Pass. idhyáte, Perf. īdhḗ, Part. Perf. Pass. iddhá-ḥ), indhana-m `das Anzünden'.

β
Gr. αἴθω `zünde an, brenne' (αἰθόμενος), αἴθων, αιθοψ `feurig, funkelnd', ἰθαίνεσθαι · θερμαίνεσθαι Hes., hylleisch αἰδῶσσα · αἴθουσα `Loggia'; ablautend κακ-ιθής Hes. `ausgehungert' (W. Schulze KZ. 29, 269 = Kl. Schr. 329).

γ
o-St.: gr. αιθος m. `Brand' (αἰθός `verbrannt') = ai. ēdha-ḥ m. `Brennholz' = ags. ād, ahd. mhd. eit m. `Glut, Scheiterhaufen': schwundstufig wohl norw. schwed. id `leuciscus idus' (eine helle Karpfenart), vgl. nhd. dial. aitel `leuciscus cephalus' als `der Glänzende'; daneben u-St. *aidhu- im gall. VN Aedui, air. áed `Feuer', auch als MN; lat. aedēs `Tempel', ursprüngl. `der häusliche Herd', auch aedis = maked. ἄδις · ἐσχάρα Hes.

δ
Vom Verbaladjektiv auf -to- stammt wohl lat. aestās, -ātis `warme Jahreszeit, Sommer' (aus *aisto-tāt-, idg. *aidh-to-); aestus, -ūs (aus *aidh-tu-) `Hitze, Glut, Brandung', aestuāre `kochen, wallen, brausen'; agerm. MN Aistomōdius (`mit hitzigem Mute'), ags. āst f. `Dörrofen', engl. oast `Darre'.

ε
r-Formans: gr. αἰθήρ `die obere Luft' (maked. ἀδῆ), αἴθρα `der heitere Himmel' (maked. ἀδραιά), αἴθριος `hell, heiter (vom Wetter)', wozu ablautend ἰθαρός `heiter', ai. vīdhrá- (=vi-idh-rá́-) ds.

ζ
l-Formans: gr. αἰθάλη, αἴθαλος `Ruß', maked. ἄδαλος; unter Annahme einer Entwicklung von `glänzend, scheinend' zu `anscheinend' stellt man etwas gezwungen hierher ags. īdel `eitel, unnütz, nichtig', ahd. ītal, nhd. eitel.

η
Auf idg. *aidh-lo- beruht germ. ail- in ags. ǣlan `brennen' zu āl n. `Flamme', und in ags. ǣled m., aisl. eldr (Gen. elds) `Feuer, Brand'. Aus verschiedenen Entwicklungsstufendes ags. ǣled sind cymr. aelwyd, bret. oaled `Feuer, Herd' entlehnt (M. Förster Themse 4872). Mir. āel `Kalk' könnte aus *aidh-lo- entstanden sein. Doch könnten die germ. und kelt. Worteauch direkt von der Wurzel 4. ā̆i- mit -lo-Suffix gebildet sein.

θ
s-Formans: es-St. gr. αἴθος n. `Glut, Brand' = ai. ḗdhas- n. `Brennholz'.

ι
Weiterbildungen: aisl. eisa f. (*aidh-s-ōn) `Feuer', norw. `Feuerstätte', mnd. ēse f. `Esse, Feuerherd' (aber ahd. essa `Esse' s. unter ā̆s- `brennen'); av. aēsma- m. `Brennholz'(*aidh-s-mo-, vgl. ohne s ai. idhmá-ḥ m. ds.); dazu balt. *aismiā in lit. íesmė `Brennholz'; lit. aistrà f. `Leidenschaft'; ačech. niestějě (fem. Pl.) `Ofen', später nístěj (mit n-Vorschlag durch falsche Zerlegung der Verbindungen *vъn-ěstěję, vъn-ěstějachъ, Berneker 275) aus *aidh-s-to-; dazu schwundstufiges *idh-s-to- in slov. istė́je, stė́je Pl. `Ofenloch'; nach Johansson IF. 19, 136 auch ai. iṣ̌ṭakā `gebrannter Ziegel', av. ištya- n. `Ziegel, Backstein'.

κ
Auf *indh- gehen zurück: alb. geg. idhunɛ, tosk. idhëtë `bitter', tosk. idhɛrím `Bitterkeit, Ärger', hį̄dhitë Pl. `Brennessel' (Jokl Studien 29).

count of groups
QC áed, āel PC Aedui, It aestās, aestus, aestuāre, Gm id, eitel, eisa, etc. Gr αἴθω, αἰθήρ etc. Ba íesmė, aistrà Sl niestějě, istė́je etc. , Ir aēsma, Ind inddhḗ, indhana-m etc.

Commentaires

Enregistrer un commentaire

Posts les plus consultés de ce blog

Intentions and Theorems, Continued

My Intention with This Blog · Intentions and Theorems, Continued · Which Groups are not Main Ones and Why? Suppose we find lots of "adjacent" groups (like Celtic Germanic, Celtic Italic, Germanic Italic, Germanic (Illyric) Greek, Italic (Illyric) Greek) preserving a word not preserved at "opposite end" of the geographical spread of Indo-European language group. Couldn't this be just the chance that adjacency tends to help adjacent groups to help each other to keep a word? Well, adjacency would help them to keep the word, but lack of it would not doom the word at the opposite end of the geographical spread. So, the Sprachbund theorem (by Trubetskoy, for those who do not know the founder of Balkan linguistics) would get a boost if "adjacent" plus "previously adjacent" groups were very prevalent in the preservation of words. And the proto-language or PIE theorem (by lots, from Bopp and Grimm to Pokorny, whose lexicon I am using) would e...
Lire la suite

Which Groups are not Main Ones and Why?

My Intention with This Blog · Intentions and Theorems, Continued · Which Groups are not Main Ones and Why? The rule of linguists is, for a word to be considered as Indo-European, it must exist (apart from modern loan words) in three groups of the Indo-European language ... family? ... or more. Here I am being concerned with, which words exist in "main groups" - totally ad hoc for this project. Hittite and Tokharian have been better explored since Pokorny.* Or so I thought when doing the classification. There is another reason thugh : they are incompletely known and will remain so. The same is much more so the case for Venetic, Lydian, (ancient) Ligurian** (on which one is not even sure if it is Indo-European like Luwian or Pre-Indo-European like Basque) and the Sikel language. Albanian was indeed known, but the history of the language is so recent, and its antique connections so diffuse (Illyrian or Thracian?), but above all, it is in the middle of a Sprachbund, so ...
Lire la suite

All 10 main groups

1 aĝ- i aĝō: Ind ai. ájati `treibt', Ir av. azaiti `treibt, führt weg', Arm arm. acem `führe, bringe', Gr gr. ἄγω `führe' (Aor. ἤγαγον, ἤξα sind jung), It lat. agō `treibe, führe, verhandle' (Pf. ēgī mit Ablautneuerung), osk. Imper. actud = umbr. aitu `agito', osk. acum `agere', QC air. ad-aig (*aget) `adigit', PC acymr. agit, hegit, jünger ëyt (*agīti), daneben die starke Flexion in cymr. corn. bret. a (*aget) `geht'; QC t-Prät. air. ro-da-acht `trieb sie fort', PC cymr. aeth (*ag-t) `iit' usw., s. Pedersen KG. II 451 ff., QC air. āin `Treiben, Spiel' (aus *agnis), PC gallo-rom. *and-agnis `großer Schritt', frz. andain `Schwade, Sensenhieb', afrz. `Weitschritt', Gm anord. aka `Fahren' (Prät. ōk wie ai. Gramm. āja); ags. ac `aber, sondern' (wörtl. `geh!' wie lat. age); Non-Main toch. B ak-, AB āk- `reisen, führen'. ij to-Partiz.: Gr ἀκτός, It lat. āctus, QC & PC kelt. *am...
Lire la suite