Two Main Groups



(QC PC)*
QC It
QC Gm
QC He
QC Arm
QC Ba
QC Sl
QC Ir
QC Ind
PC It
PC Gm
PC He
PC Arm
PC Ba
PC Sl
PC Ir
PC Ind
It Gm 1 + Tokharian
It He
It Arm
It Ba
It Sl
It Ir
It Ind
Gm He - I
Gm Arm
Gm Ba
Gm Sl
Gm Ir
Gm Ind
He Arm
He Ba - ? I
He Ba - sine dubio
He Sl
He Ir
He Ind
Arm Ba
Arm Sl
Arm Ir
Arm Ind
Ba Sl 1
Ba Ir 1 + Venetic-Illyrian
Ba Ind
Sl Ir
Sl Ind
Ir Ind

* In the case of only Q-Celtic and P-Celtic examples, the word would probably count as "Celtic" rather than Indo-European, for instance both Celtics have "maqqos" for etymon for their words for "son" and it's counted as specifically Celtic, not as IE.

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Intentions and Theorems, Continued

My Intention with This Blog · Intentions and Theorems, Continued · Which Groups are not Main Ones and Why? Suppose we find lots of "adjacent" groups (like Celtic Germanic, Celtic Italic, Germanic Italic, Germanic (Illyric) Greek, Italic (Illyric) Greek) preserving a word not preserved at "opposite end" of the geographical spread of Indo-European language group. Couldn't this be just the chance that adjacency tends to help adjacent groups to help each other to keep a word? Well, adjacency would help them to keep the word, but lack of it would not doom the word at the opposite end of the geographical spread. So, the Sprachbund theorem (by Trubetskoy, for those who do not know the founder of Balkan linguistics) would get a boost if "adjacent" plus "previously adjacent" groups were very prevalent in the preservation of words. And the proto-language or PIE theorem (by lots, from Bopp and Grimm to Pokorny, whose lexicon I am using) would e...
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Which Groups are not Main Ones and Why?

My Intention with This Blog · Intentions and Theorems, Continued · Which Groups are not Main Ones and Why? The rule of linguists is, for a word to be considered as Indo-European, it must exist (apart from modern loan words) in three groups of the Indo-European language ... family? ... or more. Here I am being concerned with, which words exist in "main groups" - totally ad hoc for this project. Hittite and Tokharian have been better explored since Pokorny.* Or so I thought when doing the classification. There is another reason thugh : they are incompletely known and will remain so. The same is much more so the case for Venetic, Lydian, (ancient) Ligurian** (on which one is not even sure if it is Indo-European like Luwian or Pre-Indo-European like Basque) and the Sikel language. Albanian was indeed known, but the history of the language is so recent, and its antique connections so diffuse (Illyrian or Thracian?), but above all, it is in the middle of a Sprachbund, so ...
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All 10 main groups

1 aĝ- i aĝō: Ind ai. ájati `treibt', Ir av. azaiti `treibt, führt weg', Arm arm. acem `führe, bringe', Gr gr. ἄγω `führe' (Aor. ἤγαγον, ἤξα sind jung), It lat. agō `treibe, führe, verhandle' (Pf. ēgī mit Ablautneuerung), osk. Imper. actud = umbr. aitu `agito', osk. acum `agere', QC air. ad-aig (*aget) `adigit', PC acymr. agit, hegit, jünger ëyt (*agīti), daneben die starke Flexion in cymr. corn. bret. a (*aget) `geht'; QC t-Prät. air. ro-da-acht `trieb sie fort', PC cymr. aeth (*ag-t) `iit' usw., s. Pedersen KG. II 451 ff., QC air. āin `Treiben, Spiel' (aus *agnis), PC gallo-rom. *and-agnis `großer Schritt', frz. andain `Schwade, Sensenhieb', afrz. `Weitschritt', Gm anord. aka `Fahren' (Prät. ōk wie ai. Gramm. āja); ags. ac `aber, sondern' (wörtl. `geh!' wie lat. age); Non-Main toch. B ak-, AB āk- `reisen, führen'. ij to-Partiz.: Gr ἀκτός, It lat. āctus, QC & PC kelt. *am...
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